(All Styles) How do I cite a listserv?
Cite an individual post on a listserv by selecting "Electronic Mailing List" as the citation type. If you are trying to cite the entire listserv, not just an individ
Last Modified - 2009-10-21 - Similar Articles

(All Styles) How do I cite a search engine like Google, Yahoo or Bing?
When you do a search in Google or another search engine, the results represent links to external Web pages (not content published by the search company). Google software crawl
Last Modified - 2009-10-21 - Similar Articles

(All Styles) How do I cite a playbill?
Cite a playbill using the Magazine citation type in NoodleBib. You'll want to include the month (and possibly also the day) in the publication date, since playbills change fro
Last Modified - 2009-10-21 - Similar Articles

What page numbers do I give if I am citing two parts of a single source?
Within a single article If you are citing two "pieces" of a single article, cite the entire article in your bibliography and then refer to the specific pages in par
Last Modified - 2006-08-04 - Similar Articles

(All Styles) What is the difference between a book and a reference book?
The distinction between a book and a reference book can be confusing. Some books that you might "reference" are still considered "books" for the purposes o
Last Modified - 2009-10-21 - Similar Articles

(All Styles) How do I cite material from the appendix of a book?
Although citing the page number(s) used will essentially guide the reader of your bibliography to the proper place in the source (the appendix), it is generally clearer to als
Last Modified - 2009-10-21 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How do I cite a survey I distributed?
MLA does not offer specific advice on citing a survey that you have created yourself.  However, a survey is essentially a type of interview (MLA 5.7.7), therefore we
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How do I cite the United States Constitution or the United States Code (USC)?
Unlike the previous edition, the 7th edition of the MLA Handbook indicates that an entry for the U.S. Code (USC) can be included in both the Works Cited list and using in-text
Last Modified - 2009-10-19 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How do I cite multiple chapters or sections from a single anthology?
One way to cite multiple parts of an anthology is to create one complete citation for the entire anthology and then individual citations that refer to (or "cross referenc
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

(MLA) What contributors do I need to credit when I cite a film or movie?
There are no specific requirements for what contributors to include. The director and producer are typically credited in a citation. If your paper focuses on the performance
Last Modified - 2004-07-07 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How do I cite a book on tape?
A commercially recording spoken word recording (e.g., audiobook, audiocassette, book on tape) is treated like a musical recording (MLA 5.7.2).  Procedure:Use the "So
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How do I cite a recipe in a cookbook?
Are you citing an edited cookbook with recipes compiled from different people? If the cookbook is a collection of recipes that the editor has collected from individual people
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) Should I include a URL in a citation? And what URL should I use?
General Guidelines  (based on MLA 5.6.1)Since URLs often change and may not be stable after a session ends, MLA calls them "supplementary information" (5.6.1) a
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How do I cite an MP3 or other audio file?
Definition: An MP3 is a digital audio file type similar to "wav," "aiff" and "midi" files.  You will be asked to provide the name of the fil
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How do I cite an article on microfilm / microfiche / microform?
To cite an article on microfilm, microfilm or "microform" (MLA 5.7.15), select the periodical type of the article (magazine, newspaper, journal), then choose "M
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

(All Styles) How do I cite a work by Shakespeare?
William Shakespeare was an actor and writer whose plays were often transcribed from memory by members of his troup or even by pirating members of the audience - and then publi
Last Modified - 2009-10-21 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) Where do I enter issue and volume numbers for a magazine?
Unlike a citation for a journal, you do not provide the issue or volume numbers for a magazine, even if they are listed. Do provide the month and year of publication and, if t
Last Modified - 2009-10-21 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How do I cite a video clip from BrainPOP?
BrainPOP creates and distributes its own proprietary video content online.  Procedure: Select "Film or Video Recording" as the citation type, then choose:
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

(APA) How do I cite liner notes (CD booklets, album covers, etc.)?
This is something not covered by the APA publication manual, so we have to make an educated guess. We have 3 clues: The MLA Handbook does address liner notes, and asks
Last Modified - 2005-07-30 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) Where do names of search portals like "EBSCOhost" and "FirstSearch" appear in my citation?
Names of portals and search interfaces should not be part of your citation. This is a frequent point of confusion, because the title of the search interface is sometimes
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) What does n.d., n.p. or n.pag. mean in my citation?
What they mean and how to use them When you cite publication information in MLA style, you give the place of publication, the name of the publisher, publication date and page
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

(All Styles) Should I alphabetize authors' names or cite them in the order that they appear?
List authors in the same order as they appear on the title page (not the jacket or cover of the book). Authors names are ordered by their relative contribution to the work - n
Last Modified - 2009-10-21 - Similar Articles

(APA) How do I cite software made for a game console?
The APA Publication Manual doesn't address this particular case of course, but you can use the "Computer Software" citation type and replace the description ("Computer softwar
Last Modified - 2004-07-07 - Similar Articles

(APA) How do I cite the contributors to an book on tape?
The APA Publication Manual doesn't specify what to do with a book on tape when you would like to credit both the author of the book and the narrator (when they are different),
Last Modified - 2004-07-07 - Similar Articles

(APA) How do I cite a particular "chapter" in a video?
Title of video: "Learning differences: Effective teaching with learning styles and multiple intelligences programs 9-12" Title of chapter: "The hook and hold s
Last Modified - 2006-01-24 - Similar Articles

(APA) How do I write an APA parenthetical (in-text) reference?
Next to each citation you create in NoodleBib APA, you'll find a link titled "Parenthetical Reference Help." Click the link to get information about how to refer to
Last Modified - 2009-09-08 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How do I write an MLA parenthetical (in-text) reference?
Next to each citation you create in NoodleBib MLA (except for in the Starter version), you'll find a link titled "Parenthetical Reference." Click the link to get inf
Last Modified - 2009-10-13 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How do I write an MLA parenthetical (in-text) reference for the bible or other religious work?
Religious Works are cited in-text a bit differently than other sources. Italicize the title of the specific edition and use book/chapter/verse information rather than pag
Last Modified - 2009-10-13 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed., APA 6th ed.) How do I cite several definitions from a dictionary or glossary?
Dictionary definitions and glossary entries should typically be cited as individual entries. An exception is that if you are using an online glossary where all of the words ar
Last Modified - 2009-10-21 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How do I cite Biography.com?
Definition: Biography.com from A&E Television Networks ("AETN"), contains biographical information (text, audio and video), television shows (full episodes and &
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

(APA) How do I indicate the name of a series?
In APA, provide the name of the series after the name of the book and prior to the publication information. For example: Author (Date). The circulatory system (Vol. 4). Encyc
Last Modified - 2005-07-30 - Similar Articles

(All Styles) How do I indicate that the author has a PhD or other title?
It may be important to your reader that you are citing an authoritative source, and indicating that the author you are referencing has an impressive academic or political titl
Last Modified - 2009-10-21 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How do I cite information in a tour by a guide or talk by a docent?
Formal presentationIf your tour guide or docent gave a prepared presentation, you could select "Lecture, Speech, Address, or Reading" for MLA's "oral presentati
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

When and how do I use footnotes or endnotes?
Parenthetical references vs. footnotes/endnotes? MLA has recommended parenthetical documentation instead of footnotes since the 1988 version of the MLA Handbook. Parenthetica
Last Modified - 2007-05-23 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How do I cite a poem in a collection or anthology?
The Tricky Part: Original or reprinted? In order to cite a poem, you must decide if it was originally written for the book collection, or if it has been reprinted in an antho
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

(APA) How do I cite information in a tour by a guide or talk by a docent?
Formal presentation If your tour guide or docent gave a prepared presentation, you can select "Proceedings" as the citation type and then choose "Unpublished p
Last Modified - 2005-07-30 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How do I cite an interview?
MLA Unpublished interviewIf you have conducted a personal interview your citation contains basic information like the person's name, medium (e.g., face-to-face, by e-mail or t
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

(APA) How do I cite a poem?
The Tricky Part: Original or reprinted? In order to cite a poem, you must decide if it was originally written for the anthology or collection, or if it has been reprinted fro
Last Modified - 2007-05-23 - Similar Articles

(APA) How do I indicate a range of page numbers?
Unlike MLA, always write out the full page numbers, as in 320-333 or 2895-2910. For a newspaper article that spans nonconsecutive pages, give all page numbers and separate the
Last Modified - 2005-07-30 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) What should I title my MLA source list?
The most common heading for an MLA-style source list is Works Cited. A Works Cited list contains only works that you will cite in your text. By default, Works Cited is the hea
Last Modified - 2009-10-21 - Similar Articles

(APA) What should I title my bibliography?
Unless your teacher has instructed you otherwise, the title of your APA source list should be References. By default, References is the header when you create an APA-style sou
Last Modified - 2004-07-09 - Similar Articles

MLA vs. APA -- Which do I use?
If you are a student: MLA and APA are the two formats most commonly required in K-12 and college, although there many others such as Chicago Manual of Style and Turabian. You
Last Modified - 2009-10-21 - Similar Articles

How do I credit Associated Press (AP) or other newswire service when I cite a printed or online newspaper?
What is an online newspaper? Many printed newspapers make their content available online, where subscribers can read the current day's news as well as archived issues. The Ne
Last Modified - 2005-07-30 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How does NoodleBib alphabetize my source list?
NoodleBib orders the citations in your list for you automatically, but if you have a question about why your list is ordered in a certain way, understanding the rules that Noo
Last Modified - 2009-10-13 - Similar Articles

(APA) How do I cite a source found on microfiche?
The APA Publication Manual doesn't provide any guidelines for citing journal articles on microfiche, so you have a few choices: You could leave the fact out completely from
Last Modified - 2004-08-04 - Similar Articles

(All Styles) My teacher has asked me to include annotations. What does that mean?
In a descriptive annotation, provide a short summary of the content or plot, and state the thesis or theme of the work.  This enables your reader to make an informed choi
Last Modified - 2009-10-21 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) Do I use italics or underlining in MLA style lists?
MLA recommends the use of italics in your source list, as long as the difference between italics and the regular typeface is clear (MLA Handbook 3.3). However, if your teach
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How do I cite a source (anthology essay, magazine, journal, newspaper) in Gale's Contemporary Literary Criticism Select Online?
Definition: Contemporary Literary Criticism Select contains "a biographical essay that discusses the author's life, works, and critical importance; critical essays or exc
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

(APA) How do I cite an e-mail, interview, or survey I conducted?
APA Unpublished Interview For APA, do not cite personal communications (e.g., face-to-face interviews, telephone or e-mail interviews) in the reference list, since they are n
Last Modified - 2008-11-24 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) Why are there three dashes (hyphens) in my citation where the author's name should be?
When two (or more) consecutive entries in a MLA-style source list begin with the same name(s) in the same order (can be authors, editors, etc.), then the names are treated nor
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

(APA) How do I cite an online ERIC Digest?
What is an ERIC Digest? ERIC Digests (full-text) are available for free through http://www.eric.edu.gov/ (click "Advanced Search" and then check "ERIC Digests&
Last Modified - 2007-11-13 - Similar Articles

(MLA) How do I cite an image, photograph or work of art?
If you are citing the original painting, sculpture, or photograph, use the "Painting, Sculpture or Photograph" citation form. You will be asked for information on wh
Last Modified - 2007-08-21 - Similar Articles

(All Styles) How do I cite a source if I do not have it in hand?
Books: An online catalog provides the basic title/author/publication information that is required for any citation. If you took notes in your school library and need the publ
Last Modified - 2009-10-21 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) Can I use the citations made by the database I am using?
Currently none of the major databases reflect the MLA 7th edition (8/2/09).  Generally we find that information given within databases is misleading and their examples ar
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How do I indicate a range of page numbers?
For numbers under 100, write out the full numbers, as in 1-12 or 20-34. For numbers greater than 100, give only the last two digits of the second number, unless more are neces
Last Modified - 2009-10-19 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How do I cite a Viewpoint Essay in Gale's Opposing Viewpoints?
What is a Viewpoints Essay?Gale's Opposing Viewpoints is a series of print anthologies. The articles in these print anthologies have also been reproduced in Gale's Opposing Vi
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How do I cite an online reference book or reference database?
Definition: An online reference work (e.g., dictionary, encyclopedia, atlas or statistical source) contains basic factual information about a subject (MLA 1.4.4) in a dig
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

(All Styles) Is my source a magazine or a journal?
A journal contains scholarly articles with abstracts and references (e.g., footnotes, parenthetical references, citations). Submissions are peer reviewed which means that the
Last Modified - 2009-10-21 - Similar Articles

Why doesn't the form allow me to enter page numbers?
After you select a citation type (book, magazine, etc.), be sure to indicate that you wish to cite a chapter/section or individual article where prompted on the following scre
Last Modified - 2005-07-30 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) What are the abbreviations the MLA Handbook suggests using?
The following list of standard abbreviations were taken from the MLA Handbook, 7th ed. They should be used as appropriate in your works cited list.   
Last Modified - 2009-10-19 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) What is an imprint and how do I include it in my citation?
Definition: An imprint is a name that a publisher gives a group of their titles, sometimes to identify a specific genre like Berkley's Prime Crime or for a certain audience li
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

What are the differences between the various forms of online communications?
The following table lists several of the forms of online communication available today along with characteristics that help distinguish them. T
Last Modified - 2005-07-21 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How do I cite an article from the World Book Online Reference Center?
Definition: The World Book Online Reference Center is composed of World Book Advanced, World Book Students, World Book Kids, etc. which can be subscribed to in packages o
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How do I cite an image retrieved from the AP Images database?
Definition: The AP Images database includes current and historical photographs from The Associated Press. When you click on a photograph, an enlarged image opens in a separate
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

(MLA) How does NoodleBib format my Works Cited list (spacing, margins, etc.)?
When you use the "Open as Word Doc" feature to save your list as a file that can be opened in a word processor, NoodleBib automatically formats your list according t
Last Modified - 2007-09-12 - Similar Articles

(APA) When citing a video, why is the term "Motion picture" appearing in my citation?
Videotape vs. Motion Picture The APA Publication Manual does mention in section 4.12 that the term "Videotape" can be used to more specifically indicate the film's
Last Modified - 2009-02-19 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How do I cite an online transcript of a speech?
To cite a transcript of a speech, determine if you have the complete text  or an edited or enriched excerpt of the speech. An authoritative version of a speech can be mou
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How do I include the illustrator in my citation?
Normally, include the illustrator's name after the title of the book: Thomson, Pay. The Squeaky, Creaky Bed. Illus. Niki Daly. New York: Doubleday, 2003. Print. There may be
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

(MLA) Does the name of the editor come at the beginning of the citation or after the title?
A common question is where to put the name of the editor (or compiler, translator, etc.) when there is no author (or an author is not named). Whether or not the editor comes a
Last Modified - 2007-05-23 - Similar Articles

(MLA, APA) How do I cite SparkNotes and CliffsNotes?
CliffsNotes and SparkNotes both offer free study guides online for well-known literature. Both are cited in a similar manner. We'll look at the SparkNote and CliffNotes for Th
Last Modified - 2006-02-11 - Similar Articles

(All Styles) I no longer have the periodicals I used in my research, but I forgot to write down the page numbers for the articles or quotes that I used. What can I do?
If you are citing a periodical article and you forgot to make note of necessary publication information (like the inclusive page numbers of the article, or the specific page n
Last Modified - 2009-10-21 - Similar Articles

(All Styles) What is the difference between an InfoTrac and Galenet database (and does it change my citation)?
InfoTrac vs. Galenet Historically, Thomson Gale's periodical databases (e.g., InfoTrac Student, General Reference Center Gold, InfoTrac OneFile) were built on a platform call
Last Modified - 2009-10-21 - Similar Articles

(MLA) How do I cite reproductions or transcripts of primary source type material in an anthology?
Q: I am citing a document in "The Civil War Archive: The History of the American Civil War in Documents." http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1579121101/ The section
Last Modified - 2007-05-23 - Similar Articles

What are unique and persistent URLs?
Unique URLs The term "unique" implies that there is a URL that you can provide to someone else that will get that person directly to the page you were viewing. If t
Last Modified - 2006-05-10 - Similar Articles

(APA) How do I cite a source that I found in another source?
Scenario: You have read a journal article written by John Smith. In the article, John Smith includes a quote from a book authored by Jane Adams (which you have not used in you
Last Modified - 2006-05-12 - Similar Articles

(APA) What do I do if my source has multiple publishers?
The APA Publication Manual doesn't specifically address what to do when a source has more than one publisher. They do indicate that if more than one publication location is gi
Last Modified - 2006-05-12 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How do I cite a Web page compilation of sources from Answers.com?
Definition: A Web page at Answers.com compiles a variety of material reproduced from online reference sources, primarily online dictionaries and encyclopedias. For exampl
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

(All Styles) How do I locate a persistent link for an article from an EBSCO database?
When you are viewing an article from an EBSCO database, the address you see in your browser's address bar is not the URL you should include in your citation -- it is too long
Last Modified - 2009-10-21 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How do I cite material from CultureGrams (online)?
Definition: CultureGrams contains reports on the countries and cultures of the world.  The articles are written for the database, not reproductions of articles publi
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How do I cite "primary sources" reproduced in a Facts on File database?
Locked article.

(APA) How do I include the illustrator in my citation?
There are no examples of including the illustrator in the APA Publication Manual. However, you may wish to do so for something like a children's picture book. Use the abbrevia
Last Modified - 2007-04-03 - Similar Articles

(All Styles) How do I distinguish between a primary source, a secondary source and a tertiary source?
Primary sources are the original surviving records of a period.  Examples of primary sources include: Letters, diaries, journals, oral histories, interviews, sound
Last Modified - 2009-10-21 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How do I cite articles from the DISCovering Series (DISCovering Authors, DISCovering Biography, DISCovering Multicultural America or EXPLORING Short Stories), reproduced in a Gale database like Student Resource Center or Discovering Collection?
Recommendation: Cite only the original source and the database your are using and ignore the intermediate "DISCovering" database.* *Since the the MLA Handbook does n
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

(MLA) How do I cite material from Gale's Opposing Viewpoints database?
Gale's Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center poses a variety of citation problems to solve since it "draws on": Pro and con articles from Greenhaven print serie
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles

(MLA 7th ed.) How do I cite CQ Researcher?
Definition: CQ Researcher is a continuously paged news magazine published weekly in print and online 44 times a year.  Unlike a database which aggrega
Last Modified - 2009-10-11 - Similar Articles