Turn-of-the-Century Child
Individuals and Groups

• By Popular Demand: Portraits of the Presidents and First Ladies, 1789-Present
  [http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/odmdhtml/preshome.html]
  Illustrated reference aid with 156 portraits depicting every American president and most first ladies.
  
  
  
• "The Story of Theodore Roosevelt" The American Experience.WGBH/PBS Online.
  [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/amex/tr/index.html]

Women

Reference Sources

• Gourley, Catherine.  Good Girl Work: Factories, Sweatshops, and How Women Changed their Role in the American Workforce.  Brookfield CT: Millbrook, 1999.
  
  
• Keenan, Shelia.  Encyclopedia of Women in the United States. New York: Scholastic, 1996.
  
  
• Women and Social Movements in the United States, 1830-1930.  State University of NY, Binghamton.
  [http://womhist.binghamton.edu/projectmap.htm]
  Papers about women in American history with 15-20 primary documents to substantiate the topic.
  
  
• The National Women's Hall of Fame
  [http://greatwomen.org/]
  Biographical information about great women.

Collections of Primary Sources

• By Popular Demand: Votes for Women Suffrage Pictures, 1850-1920
  [http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/vfwhtml/vfwhome.html]
  Portraits of many individuals, views of suffrage parades, picketing suffragists, and an anti-suffrage display, as well as cartoons commenting on the movement and Timeline
  
  
  
• Votes for Women: Selections from the National American Woman Suffrage Association Collection, 1848-1921
  [http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/naw/nawshome.html]
  Books, pamphlets and other artifacts documenting the suffrage campaign.
  
  

• Emma Goldman papers
  [http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/Goldman/]
  Emma Goldman (1869-1940) stands as a major figure in the history of American radicalism and feminism. She was an early advocate of free speech, birth control, women's equality and independence, union organization, and the eight-hour work day.

Other Primary Sources about Women

• Catt, Carrie Chapman.  "Presidential address to the National American Woman Suffrage Association" (1902)  reprinted in The American Reader; Words That Moved a Nation ed. By Diane Ravitch.  New York: Harper Perennial, 1990.
  
  
• Gilman, Charlotte Perkins.  "Women and Economics"  (1898) exerpt reprinted in The American Reader; Words That Moved a Nation ed. by Diane Ravitch.  New York: Harper Perennial, 1990.
  
  
• Hard, William.  The Women of TomorrowEverybody's Magazine, Volume 23, Numbers 2, 3, 4, 6; Volume 24, Number 1. (1910-1911).
  
  
• Holmes, Lizzie M. Woman's Future Positon in the World.  The Arena. 20, No. 3 ( September 1898):   333-343.
  
  
• Roosevelt, Eleanor.  "Women Must Learn to Play the Game as Men Do." The Red Book Magazine 50, no.6 (April 1928): 78-79, 141-142.  The New Deal Network Library.
  [http://newdeal.feri.org/texts/519.htm]
  
  
• Riis, Jacob.  "The Working Girls of New York." How the Other Half Lives.  New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1890.
  [http://www.cis.yale.edu/amstud/inforev/riis/contents.html]
  
  
• Seiler, Laura Ellsworth.  "Auto Tours for Women's Suffrage: An Oral Memoir."  Sherna Berger Gluck, Feminist History Project, California State University, Long Beach, California. History Matters: Many Pasts.
  http://historymatters.gmu.edu/text/544g-seiler.html]
  
  
• Stanton, Elizabeth Cady.  "The Solitude of Self" (1892) in The American Reader; Words That Moved a Nation ed. by Diane Ravitch.  New York: Harper Perennial, 1990.
  
  
• Thomas, M. Carey.  "Should Higher Education for Women Differ" (1901) in The American Reader; Words That Moved a Nation ed. by Diane Ravitch.  New York: Harper Perennial, 1990.
  
  

• Winslow, Rose.  "I am Not Strong After These Weeks,"  in Jailed for Freedom. Salem, NH: Ayer Co., 1920. 246-7.History Matters: Many Pasts. [http://historymatters.gmu.edu/text/544i-Winslow.html]
  From the clandestine prison diary of a National Woman's Party (NWP) member.
  

• "Women's Work."   Centenarians; The Story of the 20th Century by the Americans Who Lived It.  ed. Bernard Edelman.   New York: Farrar, 1999.

Native Americans

Reference Sources

Collections of Primary Sources

Other Primary Sources about Native Americans

• Ah-neen-la-de-ni.  "Memoir of being on a reservation school" in Witnessing America; The Library of Congress Book of Firsthand Accounts of Life in America 1600-1900 ed. Noel Rae.  New York: Penguin, 1996.
  
  
• Chief, Henrietta.  "I Just Loved that School"   Institute of American Indian Studies, South Dakota Oral History Center, University of South Dakota. History Matters: Many Pasts.
  [http://historymatters.gmu.edu/text/434-chief.html>http://historymatters.gmu.edu/text/434-chief.html]
  Woman recalls an Indian boarding school.
  
  
• Eastman, Charles Alexander.   Indian Boyhood.  Omaha: University of Nebraska Press, 1991reprint, 1902.  Electronic Text Center, University of Virginia Library.
  
  
• Jackson, Helen Hunt.  "A Century of Dishonor" (1881) in Documents of American Prejudice; An Anthology of Writings on Race from Thomas Jefferson to David Duke ed.  S. T. Joshi.  New York: Basic, 1999.
  
  
• Jackson, Helen Hunt.  Ramona.  New York: Avon, 1884, reissued 1984.
  
  
• Lame Deer and Richard Erdoes.  "Lame Deer: Seeker of Visions" excerpt in Growing Up Native American; An Anthology ed. Patricia Riley.  New York: Morrow, 1993.
  
  
• Zitkala-Sa. " Impressions of an Indian Childhood."  Atlantic Monthly 85 (1900): 37-47. Electronic Text Center, University of Virginia Library.
  
  
• Zitkala-Sa."The School Days of an Indian Girl." Atlantic Monthly 85 (1900).Electronic Text Center, University of Virginia Library.
  
  
• Zitkala-Sa. "The Soft-Hearted Sioux."  Harper's Monthly 102 (Oct. 1901): 505-08.Electronic Text Center, University of Virginia Library.

African-Americans

Reference Sources

• "Niagara Movement" World Book Encyclopedia, 1999.
  [http://www.worldbook.com/fun/aajourny/html/bh062.html]
  
  
• "Founding Members of the Niagara Movement." photo. 1905.  Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture.  New York Public Library.
  [http://www.nypl.org/research/sc/scg/photo.html]

• Images of African Americans from the 19th Century.    Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture.  New York Public Library.
  http://digital.nypl.org/schomburg/images_aa19/]
  
  
• African American Women Writers of the 19th Century.  Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture.  New York Public Library.
  [http://digital.nypl.org/schomburg/writers_aa19/]
  
  
• African American Perspectives: Pamphlets from the Daniel A. P. Murray Collection, 1818-1907 Collections of Primary Sources
  [http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/aap/aaphome.html]
  Pamphlets offering insight into attitudes and ideas of African Americans between Reconstruction and the First World War. 
  
  
• See "Progress of a People; A Special Presentation of the African-American Pamphlet Collection" for an introduction to the "state of the race" according to the National Afro-American Council of 1898.
  [http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/aap/aapexhp.html]
  

Individual African-Americans

Frederick Douglass

• Douglass, Frederick.  Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave (1845)
  [http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/Literature/Douglass/Autobiography/]

W. E. B. Dubois

• DuBois, W. E. B.  The souls of Black Folk: Essays and Sketches.  University Press John Wilson and Son Cambridge, USA.  Project Bartleby.
  [http://www.columbia.edu/acis/bartleby/dubois/]
  
  
• DuBois, W. E. B.  "1906 – Niagara Manifesto in An ABC of Color"  in The Black Americans; A History in Their Own Words 1619 – 1983 ed.  Milton Meltzer.  New York: Crowell, 1984.  Also reprinted in The American Reader; Words That Moved a Nation ed. Diane Ravitch.   New York: Harper Perennial, 1990.
  
  
• DuBois, W. E. B. "Advice to a Black School Girl" (1905) reprinted in The American Reader; Words That Moved a Nation ed. by Diane Ravitch.  New York: Harper Perennial, 1990.
  
  
• The W.E.B. DuBois Virtual University.
  [http://members.tripod.com/~DuBois/index.htm]
  His writings, other primary sources and documents, as well as commentary.
  
  
• "Biography: W.E.B. DuBois."  The Progress of a People.  African American Perspectives: Pamphlets from the Daniel A. P. Murray Collection, 1818-1907
  [http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/aap/aaphome.html]

Langston Hughes

• Hughes, Langston.  "Autobiographical account" from The Big Sea.  Hill and Wang, 1940  in The Black Americans; A History in Their Own Words 1619 – 1983 ed. Milton Meltzer.  New York: Crowell, 1984.
  Langston Hughes as high school boy in 1916 in Cleveland.

Booker T. Washington

• Washington, Booker T.  Up From Slavery (1901)
  [www.usc.edu/isd/archives/ethnicstudies/historicdocs/Washington/]
  
  
• Washington, Booker T.  "Booker T. Washington's address at the Jubilee Thanksgiving services." 1898.   African American Perspectives: Pamphlets from the Daniel A.P.Murray Collection, 1818-1907. 
  [http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/aap/aaphome.html]
  Washington, principal of the Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute in Alabama, delivered this address at the opening of the Cotton States and International Exposition, at Atlanta, Ga., September 18, 1895: with a letter of congratulation from the President of the United States.
  
  
• Creelman, James. "The effect of Booker T. Washington's Atlanta speech : described in the New York World of Sept. 19, 1895."  1895.  African American Perspectives: Pamphlets from the Daniel A.P.Murray Collection, 1818-1907.
  [http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/aap/aaphome.html]
  
  
• Du Bois, W. E. B. "W.E.B. DuBois Critiques Booker T. Washington." The Souls of Black Folk.   Chicago, 1903.  History Matters: Many Pasts.
  [http://historymatters.gmu.edu/text/1642d-WEB.html]
  
  
• Hope, John.  "Commentary." from The Story of John Hope by Ridgely Torrence.  New York: Macmillan, 1948 in The Black Americans; A History in Their Own Words 1619 – 1983 ed. Milton Meltzer.  New York: Crowell, 1984.
  John Hope's commentary on Washington's position.
  
  

Ida B. Wells-Barnett

• Wells-Barnett, Ida B.  "How Enfranchisement Stops Lynching," from Original Rights Magazine, June 1910 in The Black Americans; A History in Their Own Words 1619 – 1983 ed. Milton Meltzer.  New York: Crowell, 1984.
  
  
• Wells-Barnett, Ida B. "Lynch law in Georgia" June 20, 1899.  African American Perspectives: Pamphlets from the Daniel A.P.Murray Collection, 1818-1907.  
  [http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/aap/aaphome.html]
  
  
• Wells-Barnett, Ida B.  "Mob Violence Has No Place" in Ordinary Americans; U.S. History Through the Eyes of Everyday People ed.  Linda R. Monk.  Alexandria, VA: Close-Up Publishing, 1994.
  
  
• Wells-Barnett, Ida B.  To the members of the Anti-Lynching Bureau.  1902.  African American Perspectives: Pamphlets from the Daniel A.P.Murray Collection, 1818-1907.  
  [http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/aap/aaphome.html]
  
  

Richard Wright

• Wright, Richard.  "The Ethics of Living Jim Crow" from 12 Million Black Voices.  New York: Viking, 1941 in The Black Americans; A History in Their Own Words 1619 – 1983 ed. Milton Meltzer.   New York: Crowell, 1984.
  Memoir of Richard Wright’s early life.
  
  
• Wright, Richard.  "Part One: Southern Night." New York: Perennial Classics, 1993.
  Somewhat fictionalized autobiography growing up in the South.
  

Other Primary Sources about African-Americans

• Brown, William, pseud.  "Burned into Memory" from Charles Hardy III.  Horizons.  Washington D.C.: National Public Radio, 1985. History Matters: Many Pasts.
  [http://historymatters.gmu.edu/text/725-brown.html]
  An African-American recalls mob violence in Florida in 1902.
  
  
• Johnson, James Weldon and J. Rosamond Johnson.   "Lift Ev’ry Voice and Sing  (1900) in The American Reader; Words That Moved a Nation ed. Diane Ravitch.  New York: Harper Perennial, 1990.
  
  
• Joshi,  S. T.  Documents of American Prejudice; An Anthology of Writings on Race from Thomas Jefferson to David Duke.   New York: Basic, 1999.  Includes "Race Traits and Tendencies of the American Negro" (1896) by Frederick L. Hoffman; "The Negro a Beast" (1900) by Charles Carroll; "The Negro: The Southerner's Problem"(1904) by Thomas Nelson Page; "The Clansmen" (1905) by Thomas Dixon, Jr.; "The Negro: A Menace to American Civilization" (1907) by R. W. Shufeldt and others.
  
  
• "Letter"  The Independent.  (September 18, 1902) in The Black Americans; A History in Their Own Words 1619 – 1983 ed. by Milton Meltzer.  New York: Crowell, 1984.
  
  
• Moore, Audley.  "Speak, Garvey, Speak!" Oral History of the American Left, Tamiment Library, NYU, for the public radio program Grandma Was An Activist, producers Charlie Potter and Beth Friend.  History Matters: Many Pasts
  [http://historymatters.gmu.edu/text/653b-moore.html]
  In an interview, a follower recalls a Garvey rally.
  
  
• Trotter, William Monroe.  "Address." (1914) in The American Reader; Words That Moved a Nation ed. Diane Ravitch.    New York: Harper Perennial, 1990.
  Spoken at a meeting with President Woodrow Wilson.
  
  
• "We Are Literally Slaves" from "More Slavery at the South," by a Negro Nurse, Independent, 25 January 1912. 196-200. History Matters: Many Pasts.
  [http://historymatters.gmu.edu/text/1556a-nanny.html]
  A quasi-autobiographical account of servant life, as related by an African-American domestic worker.
  

The Great Migration

• Curtis, Lucious.  "Times Is Gettin Harder" from Mississippi River Blues Vol. 1, Matchbox label reissue. History Matters: Many Pasts. [http://historymatters.gmu.edu/text/541d-times.html]
  Blues of the Great Migration.
  
  
• Dingle, Arthur.  "Can I Scrub Your White Marble Steps?"Interview done by Charles Hardy for the radio program Goin North, 1983.  History Matters: Many Pasts.
  [http://historymatters.gmu.edu/text/548b-dingle.html]
  A Black migrant recalls life in Philadelphia and his migration from North Carolina.
  
  
• "Don[']t Have to Mister Every Little White Boy"  The Journal of Negro History. Vol. IV.  (1919).  461-62, 458-59, 464.  History Matters: Many Pasts.   [http://historymatters.gmu.edu/text/548c-Letters.html]
  Four letters by southern migrants who had settled in Philadelphia, Chicago, and East Chicago, Indiana, provide some insights into the diverse experiences migrants had in the North.
  
  
• Grossman, James R.  A Chance to Make Good; African Americans 1900-1929.  New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.
  Part of an eleven-volume series, this book explores black life in the age of Jim Crow, documenting the efforts of individuals and political organizations to claim a place for African-Americans and transform communities.
  
  
• Katz, William Loren.  The Great Migrations; 1880s – 1912.  Milwaukee, WI: Raintree Publishers, 1993.
  
  
• Myers, Walter Dean.  The Great Migration; An American Story.   New York: HarperCollins, 1993.
  Sixty panels of Lawrence's epic narrative Migration series, which he created in 1940-1941. Along with the poem by Myers, they tell of the journey of a large numbers of African-Americans who left the  South for northern industrial cities around World War I in search of jobs and better lives.
  
  
• "Sir I Will Thank You with All My Heart" from Journal of Negro History, Vol. IV.   (1919).  417, 302, 317, 327, 307, 59  History Matters: Many Pasts. [http://historymatters.gmu.edu/text/541b-Letters.html]
  Seven letters attest to migrants' strong desire to ''better their condition," often risking their lives and possessions.
  
  
• "We Tho[ugh]t State Street Would Be Heaven Itself" from Charles S. Johnson, "Chicago Study, Migration Interviews," [1917], Box 86, Series 6, Records of the National Urbal League, Library of Congress.  History Matters: Many Pasts.
  [http://historymatters.gmu.edu/text/548a-Johnson.html]
  Black migrants speak out.

Immigrants

General Resources

• American Immigration
  [http://www.bergen.org/AAST/Projects/Immigration/]
  Part of a school project to give information as to how immigrants not only were treated, but also why they decided to come.
  
  
• "Angel Island Home Page"
  [http://www.itp.berkeley.edu/~asam121/angel.html]
  
  
• "Arrival of emigrants [i.e. immigrants], Ellis Island."  Early Motion Pictures, 1897-1920.
  [http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/papr/ermphome.html]
  
  
• Claghorn, Kate Holladay.  "The Changing Character of Immigration."  World's Work, Vol. 1. (1900-01). Ohio State University.  [http://www.history.ohio-state.edu/projects/Immigration/CharacterofImmigration/]
  
  
• Coan, Peter Morton.  Ellis Island Interviews; In their Own Words.   New York: Facts on File, 1997.
  
  
• Daniels, Roger. Coming to America; A History of Immigration and Ethnicity in American Life.  New York: HarperCollins, 1990.
  
  
• "To America."   Centenarians; The Story of the 20th Century by the Americans Who Lived It.  ed. Bernard Edelman.  New York: Farrar, 1999.
  
  
• Ellis Island: Through American's Gateway
  [http://www.i-channel.com/features/ellis/index.html]
  
  
• "Immigration Facts: Chronology: Changes in Immigration and Naturalization Law." March 1 1999.    National Immigration Forum. 
  [http://www.immigrationforum.org/chronolo.htm]
  
  
• Joshi, S. T.  Documents of American Prejudice; An Anthology of Writings on Race from Thomas Jefferson to David Duke.  New York: Basic, 1999.  
  Voices supporting and against racism.  Includes "Race and Immigrants in America" (1907); "The American Scene (1907) by Henry James; "The Old World and the New (1914) by Edward Alsworth Ross; "The Rising Tide of Color Against White World-Supremacy (1920) by Lothrop Stoddard; "Whose Country is This?" (1921) by Calvin Coolidge; "American's Race Heritage (1922) by Clinton Stoddard Burr; "America: A Family Matter" (1922) by Charles W. Gould and others.
  
  
• Lowry, Edward.  "Americans in the Raw."  The World's Work.  (1902).  Ohio State University.
  [http://www.history.ohio-state.edu/projects/Immigration/AmericansintheRaw/]
  "The high-tide of immigrants—their strange possessions and their meager wealth—what becomes of them. Illustrated from photographs by Arthur Hewitt."
  
  
• "New York, NY, Ellis Island -- Immigration: 1900-1920" University of California, Riverside.  Keystone-Mast Collection, California Museum of Photography.  
  [http://cmp1.ucr.edu/exhibitions/immigration_id.html]
  Stereoscopic photographs documented immigration through Ellis Island.
  
  
• Perec, Georges and Robert Bobber.  Ellis Island.  New York Press, 1995.
  
  
• "Views of Immigrants: The Ram's Horn."  Ohio State University.
  [http://www.history.ohio-state.edu/projects/Ram's_Horn/Views_of_Immigrants.html]
  1896 cartoons expressed a desire for immigration restriction.
  
  
• Yans-McLaughlin, Virginia and Marjorie Lightman.  Ellis Island and the Peopling of America; The Official Guide.  New York Press, 1997.

European Immigrants

• Antin, Mary.  "A Russian Immigrant Comes to America" in Ordinary Americans; U.S. History Throught the Eyes of Everyday People ed. By Linda R. Monk.  Alexandria, VA: Close-Up Publishing, 1994.
  
  
• Hoobler, Dorothy and Thomas Hoobler.  German American Family Album.  New York: Oxford, 1996.
  
  
• Hoobler, Dorothy and Thomas Hoobler.  Irish American Family Album.   New York: Oxford, 1995.
  
  
• Hoobler, Dorothy and Thomas Hoobler.  Italian American Family Album.  New York: Oxford, 1994.
  
  
• Hoobler, Dorothy and Thomas Hoobler.  Scandinavian  American Family Album.  New York: Oxford, 1997.
  
  
• Howe, Irving.  World of our Fathers; The Journey of the East European Jews to America and the Life they Found and Made.  New York: Harcourt, 1976.
  
  
• Joshi, S. T. ed.   Documents of American Prejudice; An Anthology of Writings on Race from Thomas Jefferson to David Duke.  New York: Basic, 1999.
  Includes Concerning the Jews" by Mark Twain (1899); "The Leo Frank Case" by Thomas E. Watson (1915); "'Peace' Object, Says Ford in an Attempt to Justify his Anti-semetic Attitude" by Joseph Jefferson O'Neil (1921), and others.
  
  
• Peterson, Cris.  Century Farm: One Hundred Years on a Family Farm.  Honesdale, PA: Boyds Mills, 1999.
  A Wisconsin dairy farm owned by the same family for four generations is described and pictured in photographs.
  
  
• Raczkowski, Adam and others. "A Family Corresponds: Polish Immigrants in the Early Twentieth Century" from William I. Thomas and Florian Znaniecki, The Polish Peasant in Europe and America (1918-1920).   History Matters: Many Pasts. [http://historymatters.gmu.edu/text/1486d-ltrs.html]
  
  
• Thal, Sarah."A German Jewish Woman Settles in North Dakota."  Pioneer Stories Written by People of People of Nelson City. Lakota, N.D.: American Press, n.d. in Glenda Riley, A Place To Grow: Women in the American West.  Arlington Heights, Ill. : Harlan Davidson, 1992. 37-38. History Matters: Many Pasts.
  [http://historymatters.gmu.edu/text/1592a-thal.html]
  
  

Asian Immigrants

• California Heritage Collection
  [sunsite.berkeley.edu/CalHeritage/collection.html]
  
  "The Records of an Unbroken Friendship but the Mortal Severance, 1907-1924 " (Japanese businessmen)
  "San Francisco Chinese Community and Earthquake Damage, ca. 1906" (Chinese in San Francisco).
  
  
• Chew, Lew.  "A Chinese Immigrant Makes His Home in Turn-of-the-Century America,"from "The Biography of a Chinaman," Independent, 15 (19 February 1903), 417-423.   History Matters: Many Pasts.
  [http://historymatters.gmu.edu/text/1650a-chew.html]
  
  
• Chew, Lew.  "How Can I Call This My Home?" in Ordinary Americans; U.S. History Through the Eyes of Everyday People ed. by Linda R. Monk.   Alexandria, VA: Close-Up Publishing, 1994.
  
  
• Chinese Historical and Cultural Project.  Golden Legacy Curriculum.
  [http://www.kqed.org/cell/school/socialstudies/golden/menu.html]
  
  
• Hoobler, Dorothy and Thomas Hoobler.  Chinese American Family Album.  New York: Oxford, 1994.
  
  
• Joshi, S. T. ed.  Documents of American Prejudice; An Anthology of Writings on Race from Thomas Jefferson to David Duke.  New York: Basic, 1999.  
  Includes "Meat vs. Rice: American Manhood Against Asiatic Coolieism (1902) by Samuel Gompers and Herman Gutstadt and "The Yellow Peril" (1904) by Jack London.
  
  
• Kiyama, Henry.  The Four Immigrants Manga; A Japanese Experience in San Francisco, 1904-1924. Berkeley, CA: Stone Bridge Press, 1998.
  
  
• McCunn, Ruthanne Lum.  Chinese American Portraits; Personal Histories 1928-1988.  San Francisco, CA: Chronicle, 1988.
  
  
• "Suggestions for City Improvement: Why Chinatown has Remained Where it is." San Francisco News Letter. (August 30, 1902).  Museum of the City of San Francisco.  
  [http://www.sfmuseum.org/hist9/chinatown.html]
  

• Hansen, Gladys.  "Relocation of Chinatown."  Museum of the City of San Francisco.
  [http://www.sfmuseum.org/chin/relocate.html]
  

Immigrants from the Americas

• Hoobler, Dorothy and Thomas Hoobler.  Cuban American Family Album.   New York: Oxford, 1996.
  
  
• Hoobler, Dorothy and Thomas Hoobler.  Mexican American Family Album.  New York: Oxford, 1994.
  
  
• Joshi, S. T. ed.  Documents of American Prejudice; An Anthology of Writings on Race from Thomas Jefferson to David Duke.  New York: Basic, 1999.   Includes "Can Cubans Govern Cuba?" (1901) by Edmond Wood and "Restriction of Mexican Immigration" (1928) by John Box.
  
  
• Lopez, Luisa. "I Was More of a Citizen," from "Nostras Trabajamos en La Costura" by Blanca Vazquez, Center for Puerto Rican Studies, Hunter College, CUNY. History Matters: Many Pasts.
  [http://historymatters.gmu.edu/text/725e-lopez.html]
  A Puerto Rican garment worker describes discrimination in the 1920s in El Barrio.